Bachelor's Degree - Wikipedia Is A Bachelor's Degree Considered Higher Education

Hohoho, meeting again, on occasion will be discussed about data: keyword data: post.title see more

A bachelor's degree (from Middle Latin baccalaureus) or baccalaureate (from Modern Latin baccalaureatus) is an undergraduate academic degree awarded by colleges also universities upon close of a way of study enduring three to seven years (depending on institution also academic discipline). In some institutions also academic systems, some bachelor's degrees can single be present charmed term that} graduate or postgraduate degrees after of|following|subsequent to} a opening rate has been completed. In countries escorted by qualifications frameworks, bachelor's degrees are commonly single of the important levels in the system (sometimes two levels where non-honours also honours bachelor's degrees are considered separately), although some qualifications noble bachelor's degrees may be present at further levels (e.g., MBBS) also some qualifications escorted by non-bachelor's titles may be present classified term that} bachelor's degrees (e.g. the Scottish MA also Canadian MD).

The name bachelor in the 12th century referred to a knight bachelor, who was as well young or poor to collect vassals under his own banner. By the close of the 13th century, it was further used by minor members of guilds or universities. By folk etymology or wordplay, the word baccalaureus came to be present joined escorted by bacca lauri ("laurel berry") in comment to laurels individual awarded appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} university success or honours.^[1]

Under the British system, also those influenced by it, undergraduate university degrees are differentiated amidst honours degrees (sometimes denoted by the supplement of "(Hons)" after of|following|subsequent to} the rate abbreviation) also non-honours degrees (known variously term that} pass degrees, ordinary degrees or general degrees).^[2]

An honours rate mainly requires a higher university standard than a pass degree, also in some systems an new twelve months of study beyond the non-honours bachelor's. Some countries, such term that} Australia, New Zealand also Canada, keep a postgraduate "bachelor escorted by honours" degree. This may be present charmed term that} a consecutive university degree, continuing on from the close of a bachelor's rate program in the equal field, or term that} percentage of an united honours program. These programs typically require close of a full-year stretched inquiry hypothesis project.

Variations[edit]

Africa[edit]

In almost all African countries, the university systems attend the image of their former colonizing power. For example, the Nigerian university organization is similar to the British system, period as|during the period that|for the period that|time} the Ivorian organization is akin to the French.

Algeria[edit]

Bachelor's degrees in Algerian universities are called "الليسانس" in Arabic or la licence in French; the rate commonly takes three years to perfect also is a percentage of the LMD ("license", "master", "doctorate") reform, students can enroll in a bachelor's rate program in opposed fields of study after of|following|subsequent to} having obtained their baccalauréat (the federal lower training test). The rate is typically the same to the program of France's universities, term that} specified in the LMD reform. Bachelor's rate programs cover almost all of the fields in Algerian universities, except some fields, such term that} Medicine also Pharmaceutical Science.

Botswana[edit]

Bachelor's degrees at the University of Botswana commonly grab four years. The organization draws on both British also American models. Degrees are classified term that} First Class, Second Class Division One (2:1), Second Class Division Two (2:2) also Third term that} in English degrees, however lacking individual described term that} honours. The chief degrees are named by British tradition (Arts, Science, Law, etc.), however in recent years there keep been a figure of degrees named after of|following|subsequent to} characteristic subjects, such term that} Bachelor of Library also Information.

Morocco[edit]

In Morocco, a bachelor's rate is referred to term that} al-ʾijāzah (Arabic, French: licence). The way of study takes three years, which are more distant divided into two cycles. The opening round comprises the first, or propaedeutic, year. After well completing their opening two years, students can perform either abstract specialization (études fondamentales) or trained specialization (études professionnelles). The following round is single twelve months after of|following|subsequent to} whose close students pick up the licence d'études fondamentales or the licence professionnelle.^[3] This university rate organization was introduced in September 2003.^[4]

Nigeria[edit]

University admission is extremely competitive, escorted by attendant advantages also disadvantages. Nonetheless, it takes four to five years to perfect a bachelor's degree. In cases of poor performance, the period bound is double the standard measure of time. For example, single may not study appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} additional than 10 years appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} a five-year course. Students are commonly asked to leave provided they necessity grab longer. Nigerian universities present with B.Sc., B.Tech. (usually from Universities of Technology), B.Arch. (six years), also further specialized undergraduate degrees, such term that} B.Eng. Science undergraduate degrees may require six months or a semester enthusiastic to SIWES (Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme) however it is generally mandatory appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} the total engineering degrees. A semester appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} project work/thesis is required, not excluding way work, throughout the period of the bachelor hypothesis in the last year. The classifications of degrees: first-class, second-best (upper also lower), third-class (with honours; i.e., B.Sc. (Hons)) also a pass (no honours). First- also second-best graduates are immediately eligible appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} advanced postgraduate degrees (i.e., M.Sc. also Ph.D.), however further classes may be present required appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} an new postgraduate degree in advance of such eligibility.^[5]

Furthermore, the total graduating students are obliged to carry out the National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) requirement, which generally takes single year, after of|following|subsequent to} which they are eligible to perform higher degrees. The NYSC is a paramilitary utility that involves students' individual posted to opposed parts of the state to serve in miscellaneous capacities. Principal objectives of the NYSC are to forge federal cohesion, cheer students to seek their obtained understanding to solving problems of rural Nigeria, also others. The NYSC was established by code after of|following|subsequent to} the Nigerian Civil War.^[6]

Polytechnical schools (polytechnics) in Nigeria are not considered universities. They are mandated to educate technicians of soaring calibre; they present with the OND (ordinary federal diploma) also the HND (higher federal diploma). The polytechnics core highly strongly on efficient technological training. The B.Sc. also HND are compared in engineering circles, however there are significant differences in training philosophies.

Honours degrees in Nigeria are differentiated single on the basis of performance. Honours degrees include the first-class degree, second-best degrees (upper also lower) also the third-class degree, however not the pass. All university students necessity carry out an unconnected inquiry project which applies the understanding obtained throughout the period of the former years of study.

The project work necessity be present submitted in the semester in advance of gauge also generally takes a significant figure of points. Further way work is not precluded through the project work, however the courses are fewer also are at an advanced level. Project work is orally defended in advance of the ability also in advance of peers. In the sciences also engineering a march of the project is generally required. The exceptions are abstract work, appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} which a media project is required.

South Africa[edit]

In South Africa, an honours rate is an new postgraduate qualification in the equal land term that} the undergraduate major, also requires at minutest single more distant twelve months of study term that} well term that} a inquiry report.

Tunisia[edit]

In Tunisia, a bachelor's rate is referred to term that} al-ʾijāzah in Arabic, or la license in French; the rate takes three years to perfect also is a percentage of the LMD (license, master, doctorat) reform, students can enroll in a bachelor's rate program in opposed fields of study after of|following|subsequent to} having obtained their baccalauréat (the federal lower training test). The rate is typically the same to the program of France's universities, term that} specified in the LMD reform. Most universities in Tunisia present with the 3-year bachelor's degree, except some fields, which are Medicine, Pharmacy, Engineering, Architecture also Bachelor of Science in Business Administration, solely offered by Tunis Business School also lasts 4 years.^[7]

Kenya[edit]

In Kenya, university training is supported by the government,.^[8] A bachelor's rate is awarded to students who well perfect a three to seven-year way depending on the land of study. For almost all rate programs, a inquiry project also an internship period after of|following|subsequent to} which a report is written by the scholar is a necessity in advance of the scholar is allowed to graduate. In 2012, a figure of select colleges were upgraded to university status in a bid to increase the intake of students into rate programs.^[9]

Asia[edit]

Bangladesh[edit]

In Bangladesh, universities also colleges give three- also four-year degrees (three-year degrees courses are called lap courses also four-year rate courses are called honours courses) in body of knowledge also trading (B.Sc., B.B.S., B.B.A., four-year also three months^{[clarification needed]}, etc.) also three- also four-year degrees in arts (B.A., B.S.S., etc.). Engineering universities provision four-year rate programs appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} bachelor's rate courses of study (B.Sc. in Eng also B.Sc.). Medical colleges keep five-year rate programmes (MBBS, BDS). In code training there is a two-year LL.B. rate after of|following|subsequent to} completing three years in a B.A. program appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} a sum of five years of study. There is further a four-year LL.B. honours degree. The Bachelor of Architecture (B.Arch.) also Bachelor of Pharmacy (B.Pharm.) are professional degrees awarded to students who perfect a five-year way of study in the meadow at some universities. All of these programs begin after of|following|subsequent to} achieving the Higher Secondary Certificate (HSC—in sum 12 years of institute education).

China[edit]

Since the undergraduate education organization in China is modeled after of|following|subsequent to} its American counterpart, the total the degrees are adapted from those of the United States excepting the release of the rate certificate. Once a scholar has fulfilled his/her way requirements, a receive a degree warrant purpose be present given. In instruct to wax the degree, a scholar necessity stop also drive past the dissertation stage; single at that moment purpose he or she be present awarded a rate credentialed by the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China. Four years of training is the standard length, although some commercial small colleges not credentialed by the Ministry of Education carry out present with three-year programs. Normally, re 90% of graduates are able to get a degree; however, no rate is awarded escorted by excellence or honor. It is further referred to term that} a "Xueshi" (学士).

Fiji[edit]

The colonial connection also the establishment of the University of the South Pacific in 1968 allowed the training organization to attend suit from the diploma organization of the Commonwealth. University of the South Pacific is the single university in the Oceania region to be present internationally recognized surface Australia also New Zealand escorted by its bachelor's also further awards program. It is further the highest ranked in the university ranking in the island region also further ranked above some Australian universities allied to the University of Canberra, University of Sunshine Coast also New Zealand universities allied to Lincoln University also Waikato Institute of Technology.^[10]

India[edit]

Bachelor's degrees in India commonly grab 3 years of study to complete, although courses allied to B.E./B.Tech. or MBBS grab longer. A BE/BTech generally takes 4 years, period as|during the period that|for the period that|time} an MBBS generally takes 5 years to complete. Most of the Science, Commerce, also Arts degrees are honours degrees escorted by electives chosen by the student.

Common bachelor's degrees also abbreviations:

• Bachelor of Arts: BA
• Bachelor of Business Administration: BBA
• Bachelor of Science: BSc
• Bachelor of Commerce: Bcom
• Bachelor of Computer Applications: BCA
• Bachelor of Laws: LLB
• Bachelor of Engineering: BE
• Bachelor of Technology: BTech
• Bachelor of Education: BEd (BEd degrees are offered after of|following|subsequent to} close of a 3-year undergraduate coursework.)
• Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery: MBBS

For university grading organization in India, commit to this page.

Students generally start their Bachelor's after of|following|subsequent to} completing their Secondary School coursework(also popular term that} +2) from a state or commercial board.

Iran[edit]

In Iran, students can study opposed undergraduate or postgraduate courses principal to a BSc or an MSc that is recognised also equal to similar qualifications given in further countries. There are mainly two important variety of universities in Iran, people universities also non-public universities. Most of non-public universities in Iran are percentage of Islamic Azad University, which keep branches in the total cities via Iran. In Iran, the people universities keep seriously higher standing than the non-public ones also getting an admittance to single of them is additional difficult. Students can further provision four years of training principal to a B.Sc.

Indonesia[edit]

In Indonesia, almost all of the jet bachelor's degrees are domain-specific degrees. Therefore, there are probably additional than 20 bachelor's degrees. For instance, S.Psi appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} Sarjana Psikologi (literally translated term that} "Bachelor of Psychology/B.Psy., B.A."), S.T. appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} Sarjana Teknik (literally translated term that} "Bachelor of Engineering"), S.Si. appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} Sarjana Sains (literally translated term that} "Bachelor of Science"), S.Farm appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} Sarjana Farmasi (literally translated term that} "Bachelor of Pharmacy"), S.E appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} Sarjana Ekonomi (literally translated term that} "Bachelor of Economy"), S.Kom. appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} Sarjana Ilmu Komputer (literally translated term that} "Bachelor of Computer Science"), or S.Sos. appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} Sarjana Ilmu Sosial (literally translated term that} "Bachelor of Social Sciences"). In the past, the Indonesian university organization adopted the old European/western degrees, such term that} the Ir (insinyur from Dutch ingenieur) appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} an engineering rate also the regular university rate (doktorandus from Dutch also ultimately Latin doctorandus) appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} a rate in either community or normal sciences.

Jordan[edit]

Since the undergraduate education organization in Jordan is modeled after of|following|subsequent to} its American counterpart, the total the degrees are adapted from those of the United States excepting the release of the rate certificate. Once a scholar has fulfilled his/her way requirements, a receive a degree warrant purpose be present given. In instruct to wax the degree, a scholar necessity stop also pass the dissertation stage; single at that moment purpose he or she be present awarded a rate credentialed by the Ministry of Higher Education of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Four years of training is the standard length.

Nepal[edit]

In Nepal, the bachelor's rate was initially a three-year program appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} courses allied to Bachelor of Business Studies (B.B.S.), Bachelor of Sciences (B.Sc.)., Bachelor of Education (B.Ed.), Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) from Tribhuvan University, Pokhara University, Purbanchal University also Kathmandu University however now it is mainly a four-year program appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} recent courses allied to Bachelor of Business Administration (B.B.A.), Bachelor of Business Information System (B.B.I.S.), Bachelor of Information Management (B.I.M.), Bachelor of Engineering (B.E.), Bachelor of Science in Computer Studies also Information Technology (B.Sc).C.S.I.T. Some bachelor's programs are still three years long, such term that} the Bachelor of Arts (B.A) also Bachelor of Education (B.Ed). It is completed after of|following|subsequent to} 10+2 standard (High School) or Diploma or a scrap of further equal standard of studies. Bachelor of Business Administration (B.B.A), Bachelor of Information Management (B.I.M.), Bachelor of Business Information Systems (B.B.I.S.), Bachelor of Engineering, also Bachelor of Science in Computer Science also Information Technology (B.Sc.C.S.I.T.) are a few well-liked bachelor's rate programs. B.Sc. also B.B.Sc. keep lately turned into four-year programs from three-year programs. In Nepal, Tribhuvan University term that} an oldest also biggest University based on figure of scholar also university department, Kathmandu University, Purbanchal University, Pokhara University, Nepal Sanskrit University also further recent provincial universities are operating currently. M.B.A. also B.B.A. from the total universities are examined under the organization of percentage also G.P.A, also conventional university courses are accessed on splitting up base allied to lap division, following division, opening splitting up also distinction. In Nepal, there is no top up, honors also exchange or related tie up rate courses authorized also practiced by Nepalese Government also further academic institutions, however today, affiliation escorted by overseas universities, online also extent study are well-liked escorted by the young recent working population. M.B.A., B.B.A., B. Pharmacy, B. Sc. Nursing, Bachelor of Nursing (B.N.), B. E. are in soaring trained order in Nepalese market. For admission in a University, a binding admission check given by the own University is to be present passed by a scholar in instruct to wax placement in an united college of that University appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} the characteristic topic category. In the test, a unconnected quota is further awarded appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} females also disadvantaged groups to cause diversity also equality.

Malaysia[edit]

Institutes of higher study in Malaysia provision three or four years of training principal to a B.Sc. Hons Degree. The standards of categorization is approaching consistent in the middle of Malaysian Universities. Candidates who be superior in their university results purpose be present awarded a First Class Bachelor Hons Degree (usually 3.67 CGPA also above), followed by Class Second Upper (usually amidst 3.00–3.66 CGPA), Class Second Lower (usually 2.50–2.99 CGPA), Class Three (usually 2.00–2.49 CGPA) also General Degree (Without Honours), appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} generally 1.99 also beneath CGPA candidates.

Pakistan[edit]

In Pakistan, arts, commerce, also body of knowledge colleges provision four-year bachelor's degrees (BA, BSc, BBA, BCom, etc.). Generally these programs are of four years time term that} elsewhere in the world also begin after of|following|subsequent to} completing higher lower institute training by receiving a Higher Secondary School Certificate (HSSC) acknowledging one's twelve years of study by the own board. After successful close of these programs, a bachelor's rate is awarded by the own university. Engineering also medical colleges provision four- also five-year rate programs, respectively, appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} bachelor's degrees (BE/BS/BSc Engg also MBBS) that further begin after of|following|subsequent to} higher lower institute twelve months 12. The Bachelor of Architecture (BArch) rate program is of five years' duration.

Philippines[edit]

In the Philippines, where the name "course" is commonly used to commit to a bachelor's rate major, way of study or program, several undergraduate categories exist—the two almost all regular degrees awarded individual Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.) also Bachelor of Arts (B.A. or A.B.). Specializations ("majors") in economics, trading administration, community work, agriculture, nursing, accountancy, planning also engineering are offered term that} B.S. degrees in almost all colleges also universities. The second-mentioned three specializations require five years of schooling, in contrast to the standard of four years. Other regular degrees are Bachelor in Education (B.Ed.) also Bachelor of Laws (LL.B., a trained degree). Being patterned after of|following|subsequent to} the United States, the total universities also colleges present with gauge escorted by honors—cum laude, magna cum laude, also summa cum laude.

Republic of Korea[edit]

Universities, colleges, also institutions of higher study provision the bachelor's degree, called 'haksa' (Korean: 학사). For example, a university scholar who majored in lore also graduates obtains a B.A., called 'munhaksa' (Korean: 문학사). Even provided he or she does not travel to an institution of higher learning, a human can wax a bachelor's rate via the Bachelor's Degree Examination appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} Self-Education.

Sri Lanka[edit]

Recognised institutes of higher study single are authorised to give degrees in Sri Lanka. Three years full-time bachelor's rate lacking an land of specialization is popular term that} a popular degree. A rate escorted by a specialization (in accounting, chemistry, plant biotechnology, zoology, physics, engineering, IT, law, etc.) is popular term that} an honours rate also requires four years (120 credits or more) of study also additional entrance qualifications. A rate in medicine, an M.B.B.Sc., requires a minimum of six years.

Oceania[edit]

Australia[edit]

In Australia, a "bachelor degree"^[11] is commonly a three to four-year program, principal to a diploma at standard 7 of the Australian Qualifications Framework.^[12] Entry to a figure of professions, such term that} code system also teaching, require a bachelor's rate (a 'professional' degree). Other degrees, such term that} Bachelor of Arts don't necessarily elicit entrance into a profession, while numerous organisations require a bachelor's rate appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} employment.

A one-year postgraduate bachelor honours degree at can be present achieved term that} a consecutive stand-alone way following a bachelor's rate in the equal field, or term that} an new twelve months term that} percentage of a bachelor's rate program.^[12] The honours way is commonly single open to those who carry out well in their bachelor's rate program also involves study at a additional advanced standard than that bachelor's degree.^[13] Both the bachelor also bachelor honours degrees are aligned escorted by standard 6 of the EQF, the equal term that} British also Irish bachelor's degrees escorted by also lacking honours, also further Bologna Process opening round qualifications.^[14]

Some bachelor's degrees (e.g. engineering also green science) include an united honours rate term that} percentage of a four-year program. Honours is mainly appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} students who want to grab up a inquiry path appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} postgraduate studies, also increasingly appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} those who want an extra edge in the job market. Marking scales appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} Honours differ; generally, First Class Honours (85–100%) denotes an excellent standard of achievement; Second Class Division 1 (75–84%) a soaring standard; Second Class Division 2 (65–74%) a good standard; Third Class (50–64%) satisfactory standard; a last mark beneath 50% is a fail of the course.

Bachelor honours degrees include a important Independent inquiry component, allowing students to develop skills that purpose enable them to proceed to more distant study or to work in inquiry roles in industry.^[15] First-class or second-best (upper division) honours are mainly required appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} entrance into doctoral programs (e.g. PhDs, etc.); an substitute route to doctoral study is by means of a "masters degree".^[16][17]

New Zealand[edit]

In New Zealand, single recognised institutions—usually universities also polytechnics—have degree-awarding powers.

Most bachelor's degrees are three years full-time, however certain degrees, such term that} the Bachelor of Laws also the Bachelor of Engineering degrees, require four years of study. A Bachelor escorted by Honours is a program of four years time (e.g., Bachelor of Arts escorted by Honours). A Bachelor of Medicine rate requires a minimum of six years.

Where students opt to study two bachelor's degrees simultaneously—referred to term that} a "conjoint degree" or "double degree"—an extra twelve months of study is added. The figure of years of study required is dogged based on the rate escorted by the greatest figure of years. For example, a B.Com. rate requires three years of full-time study, however a double B.Com.–LL.B. rate purpose require five years of full-time study since the LL.B. rate is four years long. Exceptional students may choose to perfect a rate in a shorter measure of period by taking on extra courses, generally escorted by the help of summer school. Students who perfect a double rate program purpose keep two unconnected bachelor's degrees at the close of their studies.

Consistently high-performing students may further be present invited to perfect the 'honours' program. The Bachelor escorted by Honours generally requires an extra twelve months of study escorted by an extra honours thesis/dissertation. This rate is considered to plummet amidst the bachelor's also master's levels on the European Qualifications Framework.^[18] An honours give is indicated by the supplement of "Hons." to the rate designation or abbreviation (for example, "Bachelor of Laws (Hons.)"). Some honours rate courses further present with a postgraduate diploma (PGDip) term that} an gate qualification, which commonly consists of the equal workload however escorted by more flexibility. A PGDip does not generally require a dissertation. However, the scholar may perfect single provided desired. A degree give is indicated by "PGDip" also the rate meadow (for example, "PGDipArts" or "PGDipScience".

The Americas[edit]

Usually the region presents Associates, Bachelor's, Master's, doctoral, also postdoctoral degrees.

Canada[edit]

Education in Canada is governed independently by each province also territory, though a regular system appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} degrees was agreed by the Council of Ministers of Education, Canada in 2007. This adopted descriptors appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} bachelor's, master's also doctoral degrees that were deliberately similar to those defined by the Bologna Process.^[19]

Under the framework, four popular forms of bachelor's rate are defined: popular programs providing a generous training also preparing graduates appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} graduate-entry trained programs or business generally; in-depth university programs in a characteristic topic that prepare graduates appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} postgraduate study in the meadow or business generally; applied programs that concentrate on a mastery of system as opposed to than knowledge; also trained programs, commonly (but not exclusively) graduate-entry, that prepare graduates to system term that} professionals in a characteristic field. This last head included graduate-entry degrees noble term that} provided they were doctorates, such term that} MD, JD also DDS degrees – regardless of their names, these are considered bachelor's degrees.^[19]

Bachelor's degrees may grab either three or four years to perfect also are awarded by colleges also universities. In numerous universities also colleges bachelor's degrees are differentiated either term that} bachelor's or term that} honours bachelor's degrees. The name "Honours" is an university distinction, which indicates that students necessity accomplish their bachelor's rate escorted by a sufficiently soaring total classify subject average; in addition, some programs may require additional training than non-honours programs. The honours degrees are from period to time designated escorted by the abbreviation in brackets of '(Hon(s))'.

Going in reverse in history, the Bachelor escorted by Honours (Latin baccalaureatus cum honore, French baccalauréat spécialisé) was traditionally charmed term that} the highest undergraduate degree. The program requires at minutest 4 years of studies, escorted by strong attention on the research-based Honours Seminar Thesis which is considered approximately equal to a formal master's thesis. Universities prove the academic degree term that} well term that} the achievable honours differential (Latin honors) on the Diploma (e.g., "BACCALAUREATUS ARTIUM CUM HONORE ... CUM LAUDE").

In Quebec, students keep to travel via a minimum of two years of college in advance of entering, appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} example, a three-year Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.) or a four-year Bachelor of Engineering (B.Eng.) program. As a consequence, there is no de jure "honors degree" (although some universities market some of their programs term that} individual de facto honors degrees in their English-language materials^{[citation needed]}), however there are some specializations called "concentrations" in French, which are mainly charmed term that} optional courses.

In the province of Ontario, the vast more of bachelor's degrees offered by Ontario universities are university in nature. On the further hand, Ontario provincial legislation requires bachelor's degrees offered by Ontario colleges to be present applied also vocationally-focused.^[20]

United States[edit]

Bachelor's degrees in the United States are typically designed to be present completed in four years of full-time study, although some programs (such term that} engineering or architecture)^[21] generally grab five, also some universities also colleges allow ambitious students (usually escorted by the help of summer school, who are taking numerous classes each semester or who keep surviving credit from soaring institute Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate way exams) to perfect them in term that} insufficient term that} three years. Some US colleges also universities keep a unconnected university path popular term that} an "honors" or "scholars" program, mainly offered to the top percentile of students (based on GPA), that offers additional challenging courses or additional separately directed seminars or inquiry projects in lieu of the standard core curriculum. Those students are awarded the equal bachelor's rate term that} students completing the standard curriculum however escorted by the notation in cursu honorum on the transcript also the diploma. Usually, the above Latin honors are unconnected from the notation appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} this honors course, however a scholar in the honors way mainly necessity continue grades worthy of at minutest the cum laude notation anyway.^[22] Hence, a receive a degree might pick up a degree Artium Baccalaureatum rite or Artium Baccalaureatum summa cum laude in the regular way or Artium Baccalaureatum summa cum laude in cursu honorum in the honors course.

If the scholar has completed the requirements appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} an honors rate single in a express discipline (e.g., English speech also literature), the rate is designated consequently (e.g., B.A. escorted by Honors in English). In this case, the rate candidate purpose perfect the usual curriculum appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} the total subjects except the selected discipline ("English," in the preceding example). The requirements in either case generally require close of express honors seminars, unconnected inquiry at a standard higher than generally required (often escorted by greater personal supervision by ability than usual), also a written honors hypothesis in the important subject.

Many universities also colleges in the United States give bachelor's degrees escorted by Latin honors, generally (in ascending order) cum laude ("with honor/praise"), magna cum laude ("with vast honor/praise"), summa cum laude ("with highest honor/praise"), also the occasionally seen maxima cum laude ("with maximal honor/praise"). Requirements appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} such notations of honors mainly include minimum grade subject averages (GPA), escorted by the highest average required appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} the summa differential (or maxima, when that differential is present). In the case of some schools, such term that} Bates College, Carleton College, Colby College, Middlebury College, Guilford College, Franklin College Switzerland, also larger universities allied to the University of Virginia, Princeton University, North Carolina State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, a senior thesis appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} degrees in the humanities or laboratory research appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} natural science (and at times social science) degrees is further required. Five marked exceptions are Reed College, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, The Evergreen State College, Sarah Lawrence College, also Bennington College, which carry out not keep deans' lists, Latin honors recognitions, or undergraduate honors programs or subjects.

Mexico[edit]

Bachelor's degrees may grab an average of five years (from four to five years) to perfect depending on the way load also the program also they are awarded by colleges also universities. Medicine is from 6 to 7 years. Each college has its own curriculum also requirements escorted by an attention of their choice, governed independently by each state of the republic. After finishing the total the subjects the scholar require a last work, which means the close of express honors seminars, inquiry also advance or a written hypothesis in a express field. Mexico's regulations established term that} an obligation in instruct to pick up their enable also heading the fulfillment of a "Social Service" to the nation (usually appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} those who finished their studies in a people institution) term that} a remuneration to people in the form of community actions, the benefits, term that} students, were received in the way of training. This demand takes re six months to single twelve months depending on the variety of degree. Bachelor's rate should not be present falsely related escorted by its Spanish allied "Bachiller", which designate a must appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} matriculate in a career or bachelor studies. The authorized designation appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} a bachelor's rate in Mexico is "Licenciado" also such studies are referred term that} "Licenciatura".

Bachelor's degrees should not be present confused escorted by Engineering Degrees, where an Ingeniería is prefixed to the designation also requieres new courses appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} certification term that} an Engineer.

Brazil[edit]

In Brazil, a bachelor's rate takes from three years to six years to perfect depending on the way load also the program. A bachelor's rate is the heading sought by Brazilians in instruct to be present a trained in a certain land of mortal knowledge. Master's also doctoral degrees are new degrees appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} those seeking an university career or a characteristic understanding of a field.

Even lacking a formal adhesion to the Bologna system, a Brazilian "bachelor's" would correspond to a European "first cycle." A Brazilian "bachelor's" takes three to six years^[23] appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} completion, term that} well term that} generally a written monograph or concluding project, in the equal way that a European bachelor's can be present finished in three to four years, after of|following|subsequent to} which period Europeans may embark on a one- to two-year 2nd round program generally called a "Master's", according to the Bologna Process.

Depending on programs also personal choices, Europeans can accomplish a master's rate in term that} insufficient term that} four years (a three-year bachelor's also a one-year Master's) also term that} stretched term that} six years (a four-year bachelor's, a two-year Master's) of higher education. In Brazil it would be present achievable to keep a specialization "lato-sensu" degree—which differs from a Brazilian "stricto-sensu" master's degree—in term that} insufficient term that} three years (two years appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} a "tecnólogo"^[24] rate also an new twelve months appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} a specialization) or term that} stretched term that} eight years (six years appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} trained degrees, plus two years appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} a master's "stricto-sensu" degree—typical in remedy or engineering).

Colombia[edit]

In Colombia, lower institute has two milestones, in 9th also 11th grades. After completing the opening 4 years of lower institute (6th, 7th, 8th also 9th grades), a scholar is considered to keep completed the basic lower institute period as|during the period that|for the period that|time} after of|following|subsequent to} completed the last two years (10th also 11th grades) is considered to keep completed "bachillerato" or soaring institute diploma.

This rate can be present either university (the almost all common) or:

• military, given by military specialised schools. It provides the opportunity appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} male students not to travel to or then binding military service.
• commercial, which grants students focused skills on accountancy.
• technical, which grants students focused skills on technological abilities such term that} electricity, mechanics also related matters.
• Academic, which grants students focused skills on elementary education.

After graduating from high-school, hopeful students necessity grab a nationwide examination that determines their eligibility to seek appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} their wished for program, depending on the score the scholar achieves on the exam. In Colombia, the organization of university degrees is similar to the US model. After completing their "bachillerato" (high school), students can grab single of three options. The opening single is called a "Profesional" (professional career), which is similar to a bachelor's rate requiring from four to six years of study according to the chosen program, However, strictly-career-related subjects are charmed from the highly beginning unlike US where focused career-related subjects generally are percentage of the curriculum from the third year. The further option is called a "Técnico" (technician); this rate consists of single two also a fifty per cent years of study also prepares the scholar appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} technological or mechanical labors. Finally, the third option is called a "Tecnólogo" (equivalent to an associate degree), also consist of 3 years of study. A technological institute gives to the student, after of|following|subsequent to} a program of two years, an under receive a degree degree in areas allied to system development, networks also IT, accountancy, nursing also further areas of state services, mechanics, electricity also technic-like areas.

Universities present with receive a degree degrees in ICFES endorsed programs allied to medicine, engineering, laws, accountancy, trading control also further trained areas. A typical undergraduate program generally takes 10 or 11 semesters also some (i.e. medicine) require an new period of utility or system to seek appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} the degree. A scholar who has obtained an undergraduate rate can opt to keep on studying a career after of|following|subsequent to} completing their undergraduate rate by continuing onto Master's also Doctorate degrees. They can further choose to a specialization in certain fields of study by doing an extra year.

ICFES is the federal officials appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} training quality.

Guyana[edit]

In Guyana, the universities present with Bachelor programs in opposed streams allied to Bachelor of Arts (B.A), Bachelor of Science in Nursing, Design also Arts, Liberal Arts, Psychology, Doctor of Medicine (MD) also further state body of knowledge programs. These programs are delivered by University of Guyana, Texila American University, Green Heart Medical University, Lesley university also numerous additional offers these bachelor programs.

Costa Rica, El Salvador also Venezuela[edit]

In these countries, there are two titles that should not be present confused:

1. High institute students who drive past their bachillerato or soaring institute exams get a warrant of Bachiller en Educación Secundaria ("bachelor's rate in lower education"), which is required in instruct to enter a university also is generally requested by companies in their profiles.
2. University students get a bachillerato rate in their own fields after of|following|subsequent to} completing four years of education, also a licenciatura rate completing single additional twelve months of studies (and meeting further requisites unique to each institution), equal to a worldwide bachelor's degree, enabling them to work term that} professionals in their chosen areas; appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} example, a Bachiller en Enseñanza Secundaria ("bachelor's rate in lower teaching") enables a human to work term that} a soaring institute teacher. Currently, the trend is appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} universities not to present with a bachelor's rate also to present with in preference a licentiate's or "Ingeniero" rate after of|following|subsequent to} five years of education.

Europe[edit]

Bachelor's degrees exist in approaching every single state in Europe. However, these degrees were single lately introduced in some Continental European countries, where bachelor's degrees were undiscovered in advance of the Bologna process. Undergraduate programs in Europe total be at the head (of) to the following almost all widely accepted degrees:

• Bachelor of Science rate (B.Sc.), 35%–40% of undergraduate programs;
• Bachelor of Arts rate (B.A.), 30%–35% of undergraduate programs;
• Bachelor of Laws rate (LL.B.), 1% of sum programs, though widely accepted in the code discipline.

The sleep of the programmes typically be at the head (of) to Bachelor of Engineering rate (B.Eng.), Bachelor of Business Administration rate (B.B.A.), or further variants. Also, associate degrees are rising in popularity on the undergraduate standard in Europe.

On a per-country, per-discipline also sometimes stable per-institute basis, the time of an undergraduate rate program is typically three or four years, however can assortment anywhere from three to six years. This is an important factor in the student's decision-making process.

Austria[edit]

The real situation in Austria was highly similar to that in Germany, escorted by the conventional opening degrees individual the Magister also the Diplom, which are master's-level qualifications. From 2004, bachelor's degrees keep been reintroduced term that} percentage of the Bologna Process reforms. These can be present studied at universities, principal to a bachelor's rate (BA or BSc) after of|following|subsequent to} three or four years, also at Fachhochschulen (universities of applied science), principal to a Bachelor (FH) after of|following|subsequent to} three years.^[25]

Belgium[edit]

Education in Belgium is run by the speech communities, escorted by unconnected higher training systems individual administered by the Flemish Community also the French Community. Both systems keep been reformed to align escorted by the Bologna Process, the Flemish Community from 2003 also the French Community from 2004. In the Flemish Community, bachelor's degrees may be present either university or professional. These degrees last three years, also may be present followed in both cases by a additional advanced Bachelor-na-bachelor diploma, enduring single twelve months (c.f. the Australian bachelor honours degree). All of these qualifications are at standard 6 on the EQF, to which the Flemish Qualification Framework was referenced in June 2011. In the French Community, universities give grade de bachelier (3 years) term that} the equal of bachelor's degrees. Outside of universities, trained programs may be present type long (long type) or type court (short type), both of which are offered at Hautes Ecoles also Ecoles Supérieures des Arts. The type long takes in a grade de bachelier (type long) (3 years), which is followed by a master rate (1 or 2 years), period as|during the period that|for the period that|time} the type court has a grade de bachelier professionnalisant (type court) (3 years), which may be present followed by a bachelier de spécialisation (1 year). All bachelier degrees (including the bachelier de spécialisation) are equal to standard 6 of the EQF, however keep not been formally referenced.^[26]

Croatia[edit]

Most universities also colleges in Croatia this day present with a three-year bachelor program, which can be present followed up typically escorted by a two-year master's (graduate) program.

• Upon close of undergraduate trained studies, students are awarded the trained heading of Professional Bachelor, abbreviated bacc. (baccalaureus or stručni prvostupnik in Croatian) escorted by a comment to a specialisation.
• Undergraduate university studies commonly last appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} three to four years also upon completion, students are awarded an university heading of Bachelor, abbreviated univ. bacc. (baccalaureus or sveučilišni prvostupnik in Croatian).^[27]

Academies that specialize in the arts, e. g. the Academy of Fine Arts in Zagreb, keep four-year bachelor's programs followed by a one-year master's.

Czech Republic[edit]

Historically, the baccalareus was the undergraduate rate awarded to students who graduated from the way of trivium (grammar, dialectic also rhetoric) at a ability of permissive arts (either at the Charles University or at the University of Olomouc). It was a demanded must to keep on either escorted by the ability of permissive arts (quadrivium principal to a master's degree also more distant to a doctoral degree) or to study at single of the further three real faculties—law, remedy or theology.

A bachelor's degree, abbreviated Bc.A., in the meadow of excellent arts, also Bc. (Bakalář in Czech) in further fields is awarded appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} official undergraduate programs at universities also colleges.

The vast more of undergraduate programmes offered in the Czech Republic keep a standard time of three years.

In the Czech tertiary training system, almost all universities also colleges this day present with a three-year bachelor program, which can be present followed up typically escorted by a two-year master's (graduate) program. Some specializations, such term that} doctors of remedy also veterinary doctors, hold exceptions from the popular organization in that the single option is a six-year master's program escorted by no bachelor leg (graduate escorted by heading doctor). This is expected mainly to the trouble of meaningfully splitting up the training appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} these specialisations.

Denmark[edit]

The bachelor's rate was re-introduced at universities in Denmark in 1993, after of|following|subsequent to} the earliest rate (baccalaureus) was abandoned in 1775. The bachelor's rate is awarded after of|following|subsequent to} three or four years of study at a university also follows a plan quite similar to the British one. Two bachelor's degrees are given at the university standard today:

• Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.), awarded to students escorted by chief core on scientific, medical, or technological areas;
• Bachelor of Arts (B.A.), awarded to students whose chief core is on humanistic, theological, or jurisprudence areas.

However, both in the trading also the university world in Denmark, the bachelor's rate is still considered to be present "the opening half" of a master's (candidatus). It is commonly not considered a rate in its own right^[28], regardless of the politicians' leading attempts to effect it additional accepted.

The bachelor's rate has further been used since the late 1990s in a figure of areas allied to nursing also teaching. Usually referred to term that} a "Professional Bachelor" (Danish: professionsbachelor), these degrees generally require 3 to 4​¹⁄₂ years of combined abstract also efficient study at a alleged "(professional) university college" (Danish: professionshøjskole) or "business academies" (Danish: "erhvervsakademier"). These trained bachelor's degrees carry out endowment access to some university Master's program. These trained bachelor's degrees are considered to be present a stocked education.

Faroe Islands[edit]

Bachelor's degrees in the Faroe Islands are greatly the equal term that} in Denmark.

France[edit]

The conventional bachelor's rate is the equal of the French Licence three-year degree. Since the recent European organization of 2004 LMD Bologna means was founded, it has become standard to recognize a bachelor's rate on top of three years escorted by a licence degree, a master's degree on top of five years, also a doctorate on top of eight years.

Some commercial institutions are though really naming their degrees Bachelor's, Master's also Executive, such term that} the Bordeaux MBA/Collège International de Bordeaux. None of them are official by the French State, however present with similar way subjects, structures also methods to those found in Anglo-Saxon institutions.

Germany[edit]

Historically, the bachelor's degree, called "Bakkalaureus", existed in Germany since the late Middle Ages. But it was abolished by the academic reforms undertaken in 1820. The Abitur rate — the last rate received in institute after of|following|subsequent to} a specialized 'college phase' of two years — replaced it, also universities single awarded receive a degree degrees.

The Magister degree, a receive a degree degree, was awarded after of|following|subsequent to} five years of study. In 1899, a following receive a degree degree, the Diplom, was introduced when the Technische Hochschulen (TH) received university status. With the institution of the Universities of Applied Sciences, a shortened variety of the latter, referred to term that} Diplom (FH) also designed to grab three to four years, was phased in amidst 1969 also 1972.

However, in 1998, in instruct to comply escorted by the European Bologna process, a recent academic code reintroduced the bachelor's rate (first rate after of|following|subsequent to} three years of study) in Germany. Today, these degrees can be present called either "Bakkalaureus" or "Bachelor" (in accordance escorted by federal law), however the English name is additional common. According to the Bologna model, the Bachelor is followed by the post-graduate master's rate of an additional two years. The conventional degrees of Diplom also Magister were mainly abolished in 2010, although the Diplom still persists in a few subjects also universities also has been reintroduced term that} substitute rate in some places.

The conventional degrees keep been re-mapped to the recent European Credit Transfer also Accumulation System (ECTS) subject organization to effect them comparable to the recent bachelor's degree. Traditional also Bologna means degrees are ranked term that} follows in Germany:

• Bachelor: 180, 210, or 240 ECTS points required;
• Diplom FH: 240 ECTS;
• Diplom Uni or TH: 300 ECTS;
• Master: 300 ECTS (including bachelor).

Greece[edit]

The Greek bachelor's rate is called πτυχίο (Latinised version: Ptychion). It is earned after of|following|subsequent to} four to six years of undergraduate studies, depending on the field, also is a opening round diploma in the Bologna Process escorted by 240 or additional ECTS credits.^[29] It is placed at standard 6 of the national qualifications framework of Greece, the Hellenic Qualifications Framework (HQF),^[30] which is referenced to standard 6 of the European Qualifications Framework.^[31] It is classified term that} a standard 6 diploma in the International Standard Classification of Education. The former go by or past or normal bachelor's degree, signified by "(Pass)" or "(Ord)" required 210 ECTS credits also was further at standard 6 of the HQF.^{[citation needed]}

The bachelor's rate is provided by the total Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), containing universities, specialist HEIs, formerly technological academic institutes (TEIs).

Previously, TEI undergraduate degrees required ​3 ¹⁄₂ years of study, also conferred a diploma legally equal to a bachelor's (ord) degree. This diploma was discontinued also TEIs now give a 4-year bachelor's degree. Technical universities also some universities present with a 5-year (300 ECTS) undergraduate program principal to a Δίπλωμα (Greek) Diploma (integrated-master-level-granting, Master's rate equivalent) at Level 7 of the HQF.^[30]

Italy[edit]

The old four-, five-, or six-year laurea organization was discontinued in the early 2000s term that} per the Bologna process, escorted by some exceptions such term that} code institute or medical school. The bachelor's degree, called "Laurea triennale" (three-year degree) or only "Laurea", takes three years to perfect (note that Italian students receive a degree from soaring institute at age 19) also grants access to receive a degree degrees (known term that} "Laurea Magistrale"). In instruct to graduate, students necessity receive 180 credits (ECTS) also write a hypothesis appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} which students keep to complicated on an argument under the supervision of a professor (generally from three to eight ECTS). Graduation marks travel from 66 to 110. According to each ability internal ruling, a lode may be present awarded to candidates escorted by a 110/110 mark appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} recognition of the excellence of the last project.

Netherlands[edit]

In the Netherlands, the Bachelor of Arts also Master of Arts degrees were introduced in 2002. Until that time, a single program that led to the doctorandus rate was in effect, which comprised the equal way load term that} the bachelor's also Master's programs position together. (The doctorandus heading was in work appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} approaching the total fields of study; further titles were used appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} legal studies (meester) also engineering (ingenieur).) Those who had already started the doctorandus program could, upon completing it, opt appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} the doctorandus rate (before their name, abbreviated to 'drs.'), or only work the master's rate (behind their name) in accordance escorted by the recent standard. Since these graduates carry out not keep a unconnected bachelor's rate (which is in fact—in retrospect—incorporated into the program), the master's rate is their opening university degree.

In 2003/2004, the Dutch rate organization was changed since of the Bologna process. Former degrees included:

• baccalaureus (bc. appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} bachelor, answering to a B.A.Sc. or B.A.A. degree, it may be present formally rendered term that} "B", followed by the specialization field, in preference of "bc.")
• doctorandus (prefix abbreviated to drs.; it corresponds to M.A. or M.Sc., however it may be present formally rendered term that} M in preference of drs.),^[32]

ingenieur

• ing. appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} graduates of the four-year courses offered by Dutch higher vocational colleges (HBO, that is; hoger beroepsonderwijs) see: university of applied science. It is similar to a B.A.Sc., B.Eng., B.B.E., B.A.S. or B.I.C.T. (B.I.T.), also it may be present formally rendered term that} B followed by the specialization field, in preference of ing.
• ir. appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} those having graduated from technological university after of|following|subsequent to} a minimum of five years, answering to a M.Sc., however it may be present formally rendered term that} M, in preference of ir.),
• meester in de rechten (mr.; it corresponds to LL.M., however it may be present formally rendered term that} M in preference of mr.) and
• doctor (dr.; it corresponds to Ph.D., however it may formally be present rendered term that} D in preference of dr.)^[33] are still granted along escorted by their worldwide equivalents.^[34]

While the titles ing., bc., ir., mr., drs. also dr. are used in advance of one's own name, the degrees B, M or D are mentioned after of|following|subsequent to} one's name. It is still allowed to work the conventional titles.

Whether a bachelor's rate is granted by a hogeschool or university is greatly appropriate since these parallel systems of higher training keep traditionally served somewhat opposed purposes, escorted by the vocational colleges mainly concentrating on skills also efficient training. A B.A. or B.Sc. from a university grants "immediate" entrance into a master's program. Moreover, this is generally considered a formality to allow students to switch to overseas universities master's programs. Meanwhile, those having completed a HBO from a vocational college, which represented the highest achievable standard of vocational training available, can single keep on to a "master's" on close of a challenging twelve months of new study, which in itself can serve term that} a variety of selection process, escorted by the prospective M.Sc. students individual required to cover a vast deal of ground in a single year.

Recently, HBO (vocational) master's degrees keep been introduced in the Netherlands. Graduates thereof may work neither the extension "of Arts" (M.A.) nor "of Science" (M.Sc.). They may work an M followed by the meadow of specialization (e.g., M.Des).

This twelve months of study to "convert" from the vocational to university (WO-wetenschappelijk onderwijs, really "scientific education") is further popular term that} a "bridge" or "premasters" year. Note that regardless of the work of the language "university of applied science" the higher vocational colleges are not considered to be present "universities" enclosed by the Netherlands.

Important aspects of Dutch bachelor's rate courses (and others) relative to some of those offered abroad include:

• Duration. While in numerous countries courses are completed in a given period under usual circumstances, rate courses offered at some (though by no means all) Dutch institutions, containing the almost all prestigious, can single be present completed in three years by the leading performing students.
• Academic year. The Dutch university twelve months has a formal time of 42 weeks. In system students are commonly looked-for also required to spend a vast deal of the "free" period revising appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} examinations. This is not inevitably true elsewhere, term that} in numerous countries a highly stretched summer break is charmed or examinations are in advance of the winter break as opposed to than after.
• Learning curve. Some training systems, notably the British one, involve a gentle institution during the opening year. This is mainly not the case in the Netherlands, escorted by the trouble standard in the opening twelve months serving term that} a variety of "self-selection" escorted by shorter committed also shorter able students routinely finding it difficult to keep up.

In February, 2011, the Dutch State Secretary of Education decided to adhere to the recommendations written in a report by the Veerman Commission. In the near future, the differential amidst university also higher vocational degrees purpose disappear.

North Macedonia[edit]

In 2003, the German-style training organization was changed to conform to the ECTS since of the Bologna process. The surviving university rate granted escorted by a degree was transformed into a baccalaureus (bachelor's degree). The universities generally give a bachelor's rate after of|following|subsequent to} three years (following which, a master's rate purpose be present two years long) or four years (following which, a master's rate purpose be present single twelve months long).

Norway[edit]

A bachelor's rate in Norway requires three years of fultime studies. There are some exceptions, appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} sample physiotherapy.

Poland[edit]

In Poland, the licentiate degree corresponds to the bachelor's rate in Anglophone countries. In Polish, it is called licencjat. To get the licencjat degree, single necessity perfect three years of study. There is further a similar rate called architect (inżynier) which differs from the licencjat in that it is awarded by technological universities also the program generally lasts appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} 3.5 years. After that, the scholar can keep on training appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} 2 or 1.5 years, respectively, to get a magister degree, which corresponds to a master's degree.

Portugal[edit]

Presently, the Portuguese equal of a bachelor's rate is the licenciatura, awarded after of|following|subsequent to} three years of study (four in some few cases) at an official university or polytechnical institution. It is an undergraduate opening study round program which is required to advance into more distant studies such term that} master's rate programs.

Before the Bologna means (2006/2007), the bacharelato (bachelor's degree) existed in the Portuguese higher training system. It required three years of study, individual roughly equal to the contemporary licenciatura. At that time, the licenciatura referred to a licentiate's rate (equivalent to the contemporary master's degree), which required generally five years of study. A licenciatura could further be present obtained by performing two years of study after of|following|subsequent to} obtaining a bacharelato.

Today, the former also jet licenciatura degrees are referred in Portugal, respectively, term that} pre-Bologna also post-Bologna licenciaturas.

Russia, Ukraine, Azerbaijan also Armenia[edit]

The specialist's degree (Russian: специалист), (Ukrainian: спецiалiст) was the opening university differential in the Soviet Union, awarded to students upon close of five-year studies at the university level. The rate can be present compared both to the bachelor's also master's degree. In the early 1990s, Bakalavr (Бакалавр, "bachelor") degrees were introduced in the total the countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States except Turkmenistan. After the bakalavr rate (usually four years), single can receive a master's rate (another single or two years) period as|during the period that|for the period that|time} preserving the old five-year specialist scheme.

Spain[edit]

In Spain, expected to the current transition to a image compliant escorted by the Bologna agreement, correct equivalents to the typical Anglo-Saxon bachelor's rate also master's rate are individual implemented progressively. Currently, there is an undergraduate bachelor's rate called "Título de Grado" or only "Grado" (its time mainly individual four years), a postgraduate master's rate called "Título de Máster" or "Máster" (between single also two years), also a doctor's rate called "Título de Doctor" or "Doctorado". The "Título de Grado" is now the must to access to a Master study. The "Título de Máster" is now the must to access to doctoral studies, also its time also the kind of institutions that can teach these programs are regulated in the system of the European Higher Education Area.

Up until 2009/2010, the organization was snap into three categories of degrees. There were the alleged first-cycle degrees: "Diplomado" or "Ingeniero Técnico", escorted by nominal durations varying amidst three also four years; there were further second-cycle degrees: "Licenciado" or "Ingeniero" escorted by nominal durations varying amidst four also six years; also finally the third-cycle degrees: "Doctor." The authorized first-cycle degrees are comparable in phraseology of duration, scope, also academic outcomes to an Anglo-Saxon bachelor's degree. Meanwhile, the second-cycle degrees are comparable in phraseology of duration, scope, also academic outcomes to an Anglo-Saxon bachelor's + Master's degrees compound provided compared escorted by the Anglo-Saxon system. In this conventional organization the access to doctoral studies was granted single to the holders of "Licenciado", "Ingeniero" or "Arquitecto" (second-cycle) degrees, also the "Master" or "Magister" titles were unregulated (so, there coexisted alleged "Master" programs escorted by opposed durations, from some months to two years, backed by universities or centers lacking a scrap of authorized recognition) also single the reputation of the program/institution could in reverse them.

Sweden[edit]

The Swedish equal of a bachelor's rate is called kandidatexamen. It is earned after of|following|subsequent to} three years of studies, of which at minutest a twelve months also a fifty per cent in the important subject. A hypothesis of at minutest 15 ECTS credits necessity be present included in the degree. Previously, there was a Bachelor of Law rate (juris kandidat) which required 4.5 years of study, however this rate now has a recent name, juristexamen (and is now a master's rate called "Master of Laws").

Switzerland[edit]

Like Austria also Germany, Switzerland did not keep a tradition of bachelor's also master's degrees. In 2003, after of|following|subsequent to} the request of the Bologna process, bachelor's also receive a degree master's degrees replaced the old degrees. As of 1 December 2005 the Rectors' Conference of the Swiss Universities granted holders of a lizentiat or degree the correct to work the answering master title. As of 2006, certificates of equivalence are issued by the university that issued the earliest degree. Currently three to four years of study are required to be present awarded a bachelor's degree. A master's rate purpose require an additional two to three years of coursework also a thesis.

United Kingdom[edit]

The bachelor's rate is the standard undergraduate rate in the United Kingdom, escorted by the almost all regular degrees individual the bachelor of arts (BA) also bachelor of body of knowledge (BSc). Most bachelor's rate courses (apart from the highly rare postgraduate awards, also those in medicine, dentistry also veterinary science) be at the head (of) to honours degrees, escorted by normal degrees mainly single individual awarded to those who carry out not meet the required pass mark appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} an honours degree. With the freak of the postgraduate bachelor's degrees also bachelor's degrees in medicine, dentistry also veterinary science, UK bachelor's degrees (whether honours or non-honours) are opening round (end of cycle) qualifications under the Bologna Process. Postgraduate bachelor's degrees also bachelor's degrees in medicine, dentistry also veterinary body of knowledge are following round (end of cycle) qualifications. Some bachelor's degrees in medicine, dentistry also veterinary body of knowledge present with intercalated degrees en route to the last qualification.^[35][36][37]

Bachelor's degrees should not be present confused escorted by baccalaureate qualifications, which derive their designation from the equal root. In the UK, baccalaureate qualifications, e.g. International Baccalaureate, Welsh Baccalaureate, English Baccalaureate, are gained at lower schools as opposed to than individual degree-level qualifications.

Until the 19th century, a bachelor's rate represented the opening rate in a express faculty, escorted by Arts representing undergraduate study, so the Bachelor of Civil Law (BCL) at Oxford also the Bachelor of Laws (LLB) at Cambridge, appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} example, were postgraduate degrees. Vestiges of this organization still remain in the past universities, escorted by Oxford also Cambridge awarding BAs appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} undergraduate degrees in both arts also sciences (although both give undergraduate BTh degrees via joined theological colleges, also Oxford awards BFA degrees in supplement to the BA) also defining further bachelor's degrees (e.g., BPhil, BCL) term that} postgraduate awards equal to master's degrees,^[38][39] although numerous postgraduate bachelor's degrees keep now been replaced by equal master's degrees (e.g., LLM appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} the LLB at Cambridge also MSc appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} the BSc at Oxford).^[40][41] The equal real usage of indicating an undergraduate rate by it individual in the ability of arts as opposed to than individual a bachelor's rate gives rise to the Oxbridge MA also the Scottish MA).

Common bachelor's degrees also abbreviations:

• Bachelor of Arts: BA
• Bachelor of Science: BSc
• Bachelor of Laws: LLB
• Bachelor of Civil Law: BCL
• Bachelor of Engineering: BEng
• Bachelor of Education: BEd
• Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery: MBBS, MBBCh, BMBS, BMBCh
• Bachelor of Dental Surgery: BDS

England, Wales also Northern Ireland[edit]

In England, Wales also Northern Ireland, bachelor's degrees generally grab three years of study to complete, although courses may grab four years where they include a twelve months abroad or a placement year. Degrees may keep titles related to their generous topic land or faculty, such term that} BA or BSc, or may be present additional topic characteristic (e.g. BEng or LLB). The more of bachelor's degrees are now honours degrees, although this has not inevitably been the case historically.

Although opening rate courses are generally three years (360 credits), point following twelve months entrance is sometimes achievable appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} students transferring from further courses or those who keep completed foundation degrees, by means of accreditation of prior learning or additional formal credit transfer arrangements. Some universities compress the three-year way into two years by teaching appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} a stocked calendar twelve months (180 credits) as opposed to than a standard university twelve months (120 credits), so maintaining the stocked 360-credit extent of the course.^[42][43]

In supplement to bachelor's degrees, some institutions present with united master's degrees term that} opening degrees in some subjects (particularly in STEM fields). These blend teaching at bachelor's also master's standard in a four-year (five-year provided escorted by industrialized experience) course, which commonly shares the opening two years escorted by the equal bachelor's course.

The usual university standard appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} bachelor's degrees in England, Wales also Northern Ireland is the honours degree. These are commonly classified into single of four classes of honours, depending upon the marks gained in examinations also further assessments:

• First grade honours (1st)
• Second grade honours, divided into:
  • Upper division, or top following (2:1)
  • Lower division, or subordinate following (2:2)
• Third grade honours (3rd)

Some institutions keep announced that they intend to succeed this organization of classifying honours degrees escorted by an American-style Grade Point Average.^[44] An ordinary (or unclassified) degree, which single requires passes worth 300 credits as opposed to than the 360 of the honours degree, may be present awarded provided a scholar has completed the stocked honours rate way however has not obtained sufficient passes to receive a degree. Completion of recently the opening two years of the way can be at the head (of) to a Diploma of Higher Education also close of single the opening twelve months to a Certificate of Higher Education.

On the Framework appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} Higher Education Qualifications, standard undergraduate bachelor's degrees escorted by also lacking honours are at standard 6, although the courses include study over levels 4 to 6. Honours degrees commonly require 360 credits escorted by a minimum of 90 at standard 6, period as|during the period that|for the period that|time} normal degrees need 300 credits escorted by a minimum of 60 at standard 6. Bachelor's degrees in medicine, dentistry also veterinary body of knowledge are at standard 7, escorted by study spanning levels 4 to 7, also are not commonly credit rated. The Diploma of Higher Education is a standard 5 (second twelve months of bachelor's degree) diploma also requires 240 credits, a minimum of 90 at standard 5; The Certificate of Higher Education is a standard 4 (first twelve months of bachelor's degree) diploma also requires 120 credits, a minimum of 90 at standard 4.^[45]

Other qualifications at standard 6 of the Framework appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} Higher Education Qualifications or the Regulated Qualifications Framework, such term that} graduate diplomas also certificates, some BTEC Advanced Professional awards, diplomas also certificates, also the graduateship of the City & Guilds of London Institute are at the equal standard term that} bachelor's degrees, although not necessarily representing the equal credit volume.^[46]

Scotland[edit]

At Scottish universities, bachelor's degrees (and the equal Scottish MA awarded by some institutions) are commonly honours degrees, taking four years of study (or five escorted by a twelve months abroad or in industry), however may further be present ordinary degrees (also popular term that} pass, general or designated degrees) requiring three years of study. Honours degrees may be present awarded term that} BA (Hons) or MA (Hons) in the arts also community sciences, or BSc (Hons) appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} sciences, or keep additional characteristic titles such term that} BEng. As in the sleep of the UK, united master's degrees, taking five years in Scotland, are further offered term that} opening degrees alongside bachelor's degrees.^[47]

An honours rate may be present by the shortest route linked to trained or vocational qualifications, particularly in fields such term that} engineering, surveying also architecture. These courses tend to keep greatly specified curricula, leaving students lacking numerous options appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} broader study. Others, following a additional conventional route, start off escorted by a generous assortment of studies over the ability that has admitted the scholar or, by means of modular study, over the whole university. Students on these courses specialise later in their rate programmes.^[47] Typically rate grades are based single on the last two years of study, after of|following|subsequent to} a specialisation has been chosen, therefore broader study courses charmed in the opening two years carry out not affect the last rate grade.^[48]

Honours degrees are subdivided into classes in the equal way term that} the sleep of the UK, depending on the total classify achieved. These are, from highest to lowest; opening class, top following grade (2:1), subordinate following grade (2:2), also third class.

Ordinary degrees are awarded to students who keep completed three years at university studying a difference of related subjects.^[49] These may be present charmed on top of a generous assortment of subjects or (as escorted by honours degrees) escorted by a specialisation in a express topic (in the second-mentioned case, they are at times popular s designated degrees). As normal degrees in Scotland be a different way of study, as opposed to than a classify beneath honours degrees, they can be present graded (from lowest to highest) term that} "pass", "merit" or "distinction".^[50][51] As in the sleep of the UK, Certificates also Diplomas of Higher Education may be present earned by those completing single also two years of a bachelor's rate way respectively.^[47]

The opening two years, at times three, of both an normal rate also an honours rate are identical, however candidates appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} the normal rate study in shorter depth in their last twelve months also commonly on top of a wider difference of subjects, also carry out not generally perfect a dissertation. A Scottish normal rate is so opposed from normal degrees in the sleep of the UK in comprising a different way of study from the honours degree. In keeping escorted by the Scottish "broad education" philosophy, normal degrees (and additional rarely honours ones) may mix opposed disciplines such term that} sciences also humanities taught in opposed faculties also in some cases stable opposed universities.^[52]

Bachelor's degrees escorted by honours are at standard 10 of the Scottish Credit also Qualifications Framework (SCQF) also require 480 credits escorted by a minimum of 90 at standard 10 also 90 at standard 9. Ordinary degrees are at standard 9 also require 360 credits escorted by a minimum of 90 at standard 9.^[53] Both honours degrees also normal degrees qualify term that} opening round (end of cycle) qualifications in the Bologna Process. Bachelor's degrees in medicine, dentistry also veterinary body of knowledge are at standard 11 of the SCQF also are following round (end of cycle) qualifications in the Bologna Process.^[54]

Turkey[edit]

There are institutions which give bachelor's degrees in approaching every single town in Turkey. Examples are Ankara University, Bilkent University, Boğaziçi University, Marmara University, Hacettepe University, Istanbul Bilgi University, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul University, Koç University, Middle East Technical University, Sabanci University, Yeditepe University, also Yildiz Technical University. They the total endowment bachelor of arts or body of knowledge degrees upon close of an eight-semester course. There are opportunities to undertake a double major. Some universities allow normal rate students to transfer to an honours rate way in the equal topic provided an acceptable standard is reached after of|following|subsequent to} the opening or following twelve months of study, popular in Turkish term that} a "Önlisans Mezunu".^{[citation needed]}

Some of the people also commercial universities present with courses taught somewhat in English, also numerous universities present with courses entirely in English, such term that} Boğaziçi University, Marmara University, Middle East Technical University, Sabanci University, also Yeditepe University.

Subjects[edit]

Many further specialized bachelor's degrees are offered term that} well. Some are in highly specialized areas, allied to the five-year B.I.Des. or B.Sc.I.Des. rate in industrial design.^[55] Others are offered single at a limited figure of universities, such term that} the Walsh School of Foreign Service at Georgetown University's Bachelor of Science in Foreign Service (BSFS). The University of Delaware offers a Bachelor of Applied Arts also Science (B.A.A.Sc.) degree, a rate which commonly indicates an interdisciplinary way of study appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} numerous majors enclosed by its School of Arts also Science.^[56]Stanford University's Bachelor of Arts also Science rate is appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} students who are receiving single rate however who keep completed two arts also sciences majors, single of which would ordinarily be at the head (of) to the B.A. also single of which would ordinarily be at the head (of) to the B.Sc.

At numerous institutions single can single perfect a two-degree program provided the bachelor's degrees to be present earned are of opposed types (e.g., single could receive a B.A. in philosophy also a B.Sc.C.Eng. in chemical engineering simultaneously, however a human studying thought also English would pick up single a single B.A. escorted by the two majors). Rules on this vary considerably, however.

Agriculture[edit]

The Bachelor of Science in Agriculture [B.Sc. (Ag) or B.Sc. (Hons.) Agriculture] offers a generous training in the sciences. The core of this four-year applied rate is on the advance of analytical, quantitative, computing also conversation skills. Students pick up how to seek the understanding also principles of body of knowledge to the understanding also control of the production, processing also promoter of country products, also to the control also conservation of our normal resources. All students undertake rural meadow trips also approved trained experience enclosed by country or horticultural enterprises, normal resource management, agribusiness industries, or commercial or ministry organisations active in the field.

Architecture also design[edit]

The Bachelor of Architecture (B.Arch.) rate is a trained rate awarded to students who perfect the five-year way of study in the meadow at some universities. Many universities present with a B.Sc. or B.A. (majoring in Architecture) after of|following|subsequent to} the opening three or four years, also at that moment a post-graduate diploma, B.Arch. or M.Arch. appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} the following two to four years.

The Bachelor of Design (B.Des., or S.Des. in Indonesia) is awarded to those who perfect the four- or four-and-a-half-year way of study in design, generally majoring in a characteristic meadow of design, such term that} interior describe or graphic design.

Arts[edit]

The Bachelor of Arts degrees (B.A., A.B.; further popular term that} Artium Baccalaureus) along escorted by the Bachelor of Science degrees are the almost all regular undergraduate degrees given. Originally, in the universities of Oxford, Cambridge also Dublin, the total undergraduate degrees were in the ability of arts, hence the designation of the degree. The Bachelor of Applied Arts also Sciences (B.A.A.Sc.) is an undergraduate rate that bridges university also work-life experiences.

Engineering[edit]

• The Bachelor of Engineering rate or Bachelor of Applied Science^[57] rate or Bachelor of Science in Engineering rate is a trained rate awarded to students who keep completed the three or four-year way of study in engineering. Common abbreviations include B.Eng., B.A.Sc. also B.Sc.Eng. The B.A.I. (baccalaureus in arte ingeniaria) rate is awarded by the University of Dublin (Trinity College Dublin). Some South African universities commit to their engineering degrees term that} B.Ing. (Baccalaureus Ingeniaria).
• There are additional characteristic variants appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} numerous sub fields such term that} B.Sc.E.Eng. (Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering) also B.S.Eng. (Bachelor of Software Engineering).

Business also management[edit]

See: Business education#Undergraduate education.

Computer body of knowledge also details systems[edit]

There are miscellaneous undergraduate degrees in information technology incorporating programming, database design, system engineering, networks also details systems. These programs prepare graduates appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} more distant postgraduate research degrees or appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} business in a difference of roles in the information technology industry. The program core may be present on the technological or abstract aspects of the topic matter, depending on which way is taken.

• Theoretically oriented degrees core on computer science also are correspondingly titled. These include the Bachelor of Computing (B.Comp.) also Bachelor of Computer Science (B.Comp.Sc.) degrees. Computer body of knowledge is further offered term that} a important enclosed by almost all Bachelor of Science programs.
• The practically oriented degrees cover numerous disciplines from enclosed by the IT industry containing system engineering, details systems, also data communications. Examples in or at this location include the Bachelor of Science in Information Technology (B.Sc.I.T.), the Bachelor of Computer Applications (B.C.A.), the Bachelor of Information Technology, also the Bachelor of Applied Science (Information Technology) (B.A.Sc.I.T.)) degrees. Many of the disciplines taught term that} percentage of these degrees are covered under further degrees, such term that} engineering, term that} well.
• Degrees combining IT escorted by trading study are further offered at numerous universities. Specialized programs in information systems—such term that} the bachelor of trading details systems (BBIS) program—are commonly positioned term that} professionally oriented degrees. More popular degrees in or at this location would include trading degrees, such term that} the B.B.A. or B.Com., escorted by details systems term that} a concentration.

Health care[edit]

Medicine[edit]

In countries following British tradition (the University of Malta is an exception), medical students perform an undergraduate medical training also pick up bachelor's degrees in remedy also surgery (MBBChir, MBBS, BMBS, BM, MBChB, etc.). This was historically charmed at the universities of Oxford, Cambridge, also Dublin after of|following|subsequent to} the initial BA degree, also in Oxford, Cambridge, also Dublin the BA is still awarded appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} the initial three years of medical study, escorted by the BMBCh, MBBChir, or MBBChBAO, respectively, individual awarded appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} the subsequent cold leg of training. Some British universities give a bachelor's rate in science, or medical science, midway via the medical course, also almost all allow students to intercalate a twelve months of additional specialized study appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} an intercalated Bachelor of Science (BSc), Bachelor of Medical Science (BMedSc), or Bachelor of Medical Biology (BMedBiol) rate escorted by honors.

Although notionally MB also BS are two degrees, they necessity be present charmed together. In some Irish universities, a third degree, Bachelor of Arts in Obstetrics (BAO), is added. However, this third rate is an anachronism from the 19th century also is not registerable escorted by the Irish Medical Council. In the UK, these qualifications, period as|during the period that|for the period that|time} retaining the heading of bachelor's degrees, are master's rate standard qualifications.^[58]

Use of the politeness heading of doctor is attached to the profession of doctor or physician also is granted by registration, not by earning the qualifying degree. Trainee doctors in the UK are allowed to work the heading once they begin their training also pick up provisional registration.^[59][60][61]

The Canadian MD rate is, regardless of its name, classified term that} a bachelor's degree.^[19]

Dentistry[edit]

Dentistry is offered both term that} an undergraduate also a postgraduate course. In countries following the British model, the opening rate in dentistry is the Bachelor of Dental Surgery, which is a master's rate standard diploma in the UK.^[58] In some parts of the world, the doctorate of dental surgery (DDS) is the regular undergraduate program. Postgraduate courses such term that} the Bachelor of Dentistry (B.Dent.)—awarded exclusively by the University of Sydney in Australia—requires a former bachelor's degree.

Midwifery[edit]

The Bachelor of Midwifery rate is a trained rate awarded to students who keep perfect a three- to five-year (depending on the country) way of study in midwifery. Common abbreviations include B.Sc.Mid., B.M., B.Mid., also B.H.Sc.Mid.

Physiotherapy[edit]

Physiotherapy is offered both term that} an undergraduate also a receive a degree way of study. Studies principal to the Bachelor of Physiotherapy (B.P.T.) rate generally be the undergraduate program. In the receive a degree program, courses principal to a rate such term that} the Master of Physiotherapy rate are offered.

In the Canadian province of Quebec, French universities present with both undergraduate also receive a degree courses principal to the obtention of a Bachelor of Science rate escorted by a important in physiotherapy also a Master of Science rate specialized in physiotherapy. McGill University, the Université de Montréal, also the Université de Sherbrooke are in the middle of the post-secondary institutions that present with such programs.

Optometry[edit]

Optometry is a four-year or five-year course. Although students receive a degree escorted by a B.Sc. after of|following|subsequent to} three years of study, momentary a more distant supervised preregistration twelve months is required to become a fully qualified optometrist. The National Institute of Ophthalmic Sciences is in the middle of the post-secondary institutions that present with such programs. It is the university arm of The Tun Hussein Onn National Eye Hospital also the single optic hospital based institution in Malaysia.

Nursing[edit]

The Bachelor of Nursing rate is a three- to five-year undergraduate rate that prepares students appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} a career in nursing. Often the rate is required to gain "registered nurse", or equivalent, status—subject to close of exams in the land of residence. Sometimes, though, the rate is offered single to nurses who are already registered. Alternative titles include Bachelor of Science in Nursing also Bachelor of Nursing Science, escorted by abbreviations B.Sc.N., B.N., also B.N.Sc.

Paramedicine[edit]

Paramedicine is offered both term that} an undergraduate also a postgraduate way in some countries. The Bachelor of Paramedicine (B.Sc.P., B.P., B.H.Sc.P.) is a three- to a five-year undergraduate rate that prepares students appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} a career in paramedicine, paramedic services or emergency medical services. Countries such term that} Canada, United Kingdom, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand also South Africa keep established paramedicine rate programs. The United States does not require a rate appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} paramedicine practice.^{[citation needed]}

Veterinary science[edit]

The Bachelor of Veterinary Science program is mainly a five-year way of study that is required appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} becoming a veterinarian. It is further popular term that} the Bachelor of Veterinary Medicine also Surgery at some universities (B.V.M.S.). In the UK, this is a master's rate standard diploma that retains the heading of bachelor's appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} real reasons.^[58] In the United States, no bachelor's rate of veterinary body of knowledge is given, single the Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (D.V.M.) rate is.

Pharmacy[edit]

The Bachelor of Pharmacy (B.Pharm.) rate is a regular undergraduate degree appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} the system of pharmacy. In the United States, Canada, also France, however, the total colleges of pharmacy keep now phased out the rate in favor of the Pharm.D., or doctor of pharmacy, rate or the Ph.D., doctor of philosophy, rate in pharmacy. Some universities, such term that} the University of Mississippi, give a Bachelor of Science in pharmaceutical sciences (B.Sc.P.Sc.) rate term that} a percentage of the seven-year Pharm.D. program after of|following|subsequent to} the close of the opening four years. However, the B.ScP.Sc. rate does not qualify the recipient appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} the system of pharmacy, appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} which students necessity receive a Pharm.D. degree.^{[citation needed]}

Public health[edit]

Public health is generally studied at the master's degree level. The Bachelor of Science in Public Health (B.Sc.P.H.) rate is a four-year undergraduate rate that prepares students appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} careers in the public, private, or nonprofit sectors in areas such term that} people health, green health, state administration, epidemiology, or state plan also planning.

Medical also state sciences[edit]

• The Bachelor of Health Science (B.H.Sc./BSHS) is a specialized rate awarded to students whose studies keep focused on state care, state sciences, or state professions. Specific areas of study can include nursing, radiography, state bother management, also state training in the middle of the further generous areas of health sciences. Some BHSc/BSHS programs are planned appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} must study to trained receive a degree programs, containing physical therapy, physician assistant studies, also medicine. The rate is typically awarded following four to five years of collegiate study.
• The heading B.Med.Sc., B.Bio.Med.Sc., B.Med.Sc. or B.V.Med.Sc. is granted to students who keep qualified in the meadow of biomedical science also medical science or veterinary medical body of knowledge respectively. Universities that present with this way include the University of Western Ontario in Canada, University of Birmingham in the UK also the University of New South Wales, the University of Canberra, the University of Queensland, the University of Sydney, RMIT University, Flinders University, Griffith University, Monash University, Australian National University also the University of Melbourne in Australia.
• The rate of B.Med.Sc. can be present awarded appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} students completing an intercalated rate whilst studying medicine term that} an in-between award. The rate of B.Med.Sc. may further be present awarded to an individual who, having followed the prescribed way of study appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} the degrees of M.B.Ch.B., does not perfect the undergraduate cold training. In brief, this is commonly awarded after of|following|subsequent to} the candidate has completed well the opening three years of an undergraduate medical rate at certain UK (and Commonwealth) medical institutions.
• The Bachelor of Science in mortal biology rate is awarded by several universities around the world also focuses on biomedical research, state care, biotech business, pharmaceutical sciences, or a compound thereof.

Kinesiology[edit]

The Bachelor of Kinesiology rate (B.K. or B.Sc.K.)is a specialized rate in the meadow of mortal movement also kinetics. Some schools still present with it under the aegis of a School of Physical Education (B.P.Ed. or B.H.P.Ed.), although "kinesiology" or "human kinetics" is currently the additional generally accepted name appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} the discipline.

Nutrition also dietetics[edit]

Bachelor of Science in Nutrition also Dietetics (B.S.N.D.), Bachelor of Food Science also Nutrition (B.F.S.N.) Specific areas of study include cold nutrition, provisions technology, welcome also services management, research, association worker, state bother management, educator, sports science, country sciences, commercial system also further allied state fields. The rate is awarded following four to six years of collegiate study in America (average five years), from three to four in Europe also Australia. In America (especially Latin America) Nutrition per se is separated from Dietetics, where the second-mentioned is equal to a technological degree.

Aviation[edit]

The Bachelor of Aviation (B.Av.) is awarded to students who perfect a four-year way of study in the meadow of aviation.

Divinity also theology[edit]

The Bachelor of Divinity, Bachelor of Theology, Bachelor of Religious Studies, Bachelor of Biblical Studies, also Bachelor of Religious Education (B.D., B.Th., B.R.S., B.B.S., also B.R.E.) degrees are awarded on close of a program of study of divinity or related disciplines, such term that} theology, religious studies, or religious education.

Traditionally the B.D. was in fact a receive a degree rate as opposed to than a opening degree, also typically emphasised university theology, biblical languages etc. This has become a shorter regular arrangement, however a B.D. takes precedence on top of a Ph.D. in Cambridge University's instruct of seniority.

While the divine bachelor's rate is mainly conferred upon close of a four-year program, it is further conferred in some specialized three-year programs. From there, the next standard of advancement is mainly the Master of Divinity (M.Div.), Master of Theology (Th.M.), Master of Religious Studies, or Master of Religious Education (M.R.E.) degree. In the United States the "main line" Protestant clergy typically grab a four-year bachelor's rate in whatever meadow they choose, at that moment receive the M.Div. (Master of Divinity) rate in an new three years term that} percentage of groundwork appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} ordination.

Fine arts[edit]

The Bachelor of Fine Arts (B.F.A.) rate is a specialized rate awarded appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} courses of study in the excellent arts, frequently by an arts institute or conservatory, although it is identically ready at a significant figure of conventional colleges also universities. In contrast to the B.A. or B.S., which are mainly considered to be present university degrees, the B.F.A. is generally referred to term that} a trained degree, whose recipients keep mainly received four years of study also training in their important meadow term that} compared to the two years of study in the important meadow generally found in almost all conventional non-Commonwealth Bachelor of Arts or Bachelor of Science programs.

In the United States, the Bachelor of Fine Arts rate differs from a Bachelor of Arts rate in that the more of the program consists of a efficient studio component, term that} contrasted escorted by lecture also debate classes. A typical B.F.A. program in the United States consists of two-thirds study in the arts, escorted by one-third in additional popular permissive arts studies. For a B.A. in Art, the ratio might be present reversed.

Film also television[edit]

The Bachelor of Film also Television (B.F.T.V.) rate is an undergraduate rate appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} the study of film also television production containing areas of cinematography, directing, scriptwriting, sound, animation, also typography.

Integrated studies[edit]

The Bachelor of Integrated Studies (B.I.S.) is an interdisciplinary bachelor's rate offered by several universities in the United States also Canada. It allows students to describe a customized also characteristic way of study to leading suit their academic also trained objectives. Generally, this rate is sponsored by two or additional departments enclosed by the university. Schools which discuss the B.I.S. rate include the University of Manitoba, Pittsburg State University, University of South Carolina Upstate, Weber State University, Ferris State University, Arizona State University, University of Minnesota, Miami University (Ohio), the University of Virginia, the University of New Brunswick, also Tallinn University of Technology amongst others.

Journalism[edit]

The Bachelor of Journalism (B.A.J. or B.Sc.J.) rate is a trained rate awarded to students who keep studied journalism at a four-year official university. Not the total universities, however, endowment this degree. In the United States, schools tend to present with the B.A. or B.S. escorted by a important in journalism instead. The world's oldest institute of journalism at the University of Missouri offers a B.J. degree, not to be present confused escorted by the bachelor's rate in jurisprudence at Oxford University. In South Africa, Rhodes University has the oldest institute of journalism in Africa also allows students to grab a fourth-year specialisation to raise their B.A. to B.A.J. status, equal to a B.A. (Hons).x

Landscape architecture[edit]

The Bachelor of Landscape Architecture (B.L.Arch.) rate is awarded to students who perfect the five- (in some countries four-) twelve months way of study in the field.

Liberal arts[edit]

The Bachelor of Liberal Arts, Bachelor of General Studies, Bachelor of Liberal Studies, Bachelor of Science in popular studies, or Bachelor of Applied Studies (B.L.A., B.G.S., B.L.S., B.Sc.G.S., B.A.S.) rate is occasionally awarded to students who important in the liberal arts, in general, or in interdisciplinary studies. The Bachelor of Professional Studies is awarded to students who important in trained career studies.

Library science[edit]

The Bachelor of Library Science or Bachelor of Library also Information Science (B.L.Sc., B.L.I.Sc.) rate is sometimes awarded to students who important in library science, although Master's of library body of knowledge degrees are additional common.

Music[edit]

The Bachelor of Music (B.Mus.) rate is a trained or university undergraduate rate in music at almost all conservatories in the US also the UK. It is further commonly awarded at schools of music in large commercial or people universities. Areas of study typically include music performance, music education, music therapy, music composition, university fields (music history/musicology, music theory, ethnomusicology), also may include jazz, commercial music, recording technology, sacred music/music ministry, or music business. Small permissive arts colleges also universities lacking schools of music commonly give single B.A. in music, escorted by opposed sets of requirements. (see also: BFA)

Nonprofit studies[edit]

A Bachelor of Nonprofit also Nongovernmental Organization Studies is a multidisciplinary meadow that focuses on practices of the nonprofit sector. This land of question examines the control also effectiveness of the nonprofit sector, also has sub-areas of inquiry containing administration, marketing, communication, economics, human resources, philanthropy, ethics, law, information technology, social entrepreneurship, grant writing, policy, fundraising, advocacy, volunteerism also civic engagement.

A difference of higher training institutions also inquiry organizations are enthusiastic to the teaching also inquiry of issues related to the nonprofit sector. Additionally, individual courses enclosed by related disciplines (e.g. Business, Sociology, Public Policy) examine nonprofit studies in a difference of contexts.

Nonprofit studies may further commit to studies of the voluntary sector, third sector, nongovernmental organizations, or civil society.

Mortuary science[edit]

The Bachelor of Mortuary Science (B.M.S.) is a trained undergraduate degree, awarded by the Cincinnati College of Mortuary Science of Cincinnati, Ohio also Southern Illinois University Carbondale. It was introduced in 1986 also it is awarded to students that perfect 120 semester hours of way work also pick up momentary scores on the National Board Exam administered by The International Conference of Funeral Service Examining Boards.^[62]

Philosophy[edit]

The Bachelor of Philosophy (B.Phil. or Ph.B.) rate is either an undergraduate or receive a degree degree. Generally, it entails unconnected inquiry or a thesis/capstone project.

Psychology[edit]

The Bachelor of Arts or Science in Psychology (B.A.Psy., B.Sc.Psy., B.Psych., or Psy.B.) rate is a rate awarded to students who keep completed a way of study in the meadow of psychology. Courses typically last five years, however may last term that} stretched term that} six. In Nepal, there are three- also four-year courses ready appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} higher-level students. See Psychologist#Licensing also regulation, Training also licensing of cold psychologists.

Education[edit]

The Bachelor of Education rate (B.Ed.) is a four-year undergraduate trained rate offered by numerous American colleges also universities appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} those preparing to be present licensed term that} teachers. Variants include the B.Ed., B.A.Ed, B.A.T. (Bachelor of Arts appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} Teaching), also B.S.T. degrees. Preparation appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} the M.S. in education, this rate is almost all commonly received by those interested in early childhood, elementary level, also special education, or by those working out to be present institute administrators. Secondary standard teachers commonly important in their topic land in preference (i.e., history, chemistry, or mathematics), escorted by a minor in education. Some states require elementary teachers to choose a topic important term that} well, also minor in education.

In Canada, the bachelor of training is a two-year trained rate in which students purpose specialise in either elementary or lower education, also that is charmed after of|following|subsequent to} the close of a three or four twelve months bachelor's rate escorted by a important in a teachable subject, such term that} English, French, Mathematics, Biology, Chemistry, or a community science. Some universities further present with concurrent, five twelve months programs escorted by scholar completing both a bachelor's rate in arts or body of knowledge term that} well term that} their B.Ed. The possession of a B.Ed. also a following bachelor's rate is required to teach in almost all people anglophone also francophone schools in Canada. The B.Ed. prepares teachers appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} close of either M.A. (master's of arts) programs in education, M.Ed. (masters of education) programs, or post receive a degree certificates in education.

Science escorted by education[edit]

The Bachelor of Science and/with Education rate (B.Sc.Ed.) is a rate awarded to students who perfect the four- to five-year way of study in the meadow of body of knowledge (major also minor in General Biology, Chemistry, Physics, also Mathematics) also education. Although notionally B.Sc. also B.Ed. are two degrees, they necessity be present charmed together. The graduates purpose work term that} body of knowledge (physics, chemistry, biology) teachers in soaring schools, term that} lecturers in pre university colleges also matriculation centers also can progress to postgraduate programs (M.Sc. also Ph.D.) in miscellaneous areas in body of knowledge or education.

Forestry[edit]

The Bachelor of Science in Forestry (B.Sc.F.) is a rate awarded to students who perfect the four-year way of study in the meadow of forestry.

Science[edit]

The Bachelor of Science degrees (B.Sc., Sc.B.) along escorted by the Bachelor of Arts degrees are the almost all regular undergraduate degrees given. The Bachelor of Applied Arts also Sciences (B.A.A.Sc.) is an undergraduate rate that bridges university also work-life experiences.

Science in law[edit]

The Bachelor of Science in Law rate (B.Sc.L.) is a special-purpose rate that allows someone who has had some prior studies however has not achieved a bachelor's rate to resume his or her training also grab up the study of code escorted by the goal of eventually receiving the juris doctor degree.

[edit]

The Bachelor of Social Science (B.S.Sc.) is a three- or four-year undergraduate British rate that enables students to specialize in the land of social science. Compared to the Bachelor of Arts, which allows students to study a vast assortment of disciplines, the Bachelor of Social Science enables students to develop additional central also specialized understanding of the community sciences. Many universities place the Bachelor of Social Science amidst the Bachelor of Arts also Bachelor of Science undergraduate degrees.

[edit]

The Bachelor of Social Work (B.S.W.) rate is a four-year undergraduate degree. Usually the opening two years consist of permissive arts courses also the last two years core on community work classes in mortal development, policy/law, research, also practice. Programs official by the Council on Social Work Education require B.S.W. students to perfect a minimum of 400 meadow training or internship hours. Accredited B.S.W. programs commonly allow students who are interested in obtaining a Master of Social Work rate to perfect the rate in a shorter measure of period or waive courses. In Latin America this is a four to five twelve months rate that can succeed permissive arts subjects into state sciences, resulting in community work term that} a variety of association psychology also socioeconomic studies, focused in hospitals, prisons or pedagogy, in the middle of others.

Technology[edit]

The Bachelor of Technology rate (B.Tech) is a three- or four-year undergraduate degree. Generally, the program is comparable to a Bachelor of Science rate program, which is additionally supplemented by either vocational placements (supervised efficient or internships) or practice-based classroom courses.

Law[edit]

The Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) is the principal university rate in code in almost all common law countries further than the United States, also anglophone Canada, where it has been superseded by the juris doctor (J.D.) degree.

Talmudic law[edit]

The Bachelor of Talmudic Law rate (B.T.L.) or a First Talmudic Degree (F.T.D.) is the rate awarded in almost all Yeshivas around the United States.

Tourism studies[edit]

The Bachelor of Tourism Studies (B.T.S.) rate is awarded to those who perfect the four- or five-year way of study in tourism, laws regarding tourism, working out also development, marketing, economics, sociology, anthropology, arts also world yesterday (dependent on the state in which single takes the course), ticketing, hospitality, computer applications, also greatly more. The way would keep an interdisciplinary move towards escorted by a vast assortment of units therefore the tourismologist trained would be present able to identify demanded actions toward a sustainable touristic environment core on community association uniqueness, values also traditions. As tourism is a growing industry, in India there is a lot of opportunity appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} those who perfect this way of study. It is ready in select universities of India.

Mathematics[edit]

The Bachelor of Mathematics or Bachelor of Mathematical Sciences rate (B.Math. also B.Math.Sc.) is given at the conclusion of a four-year honors program or a three-year popular program. Several universities, mainly in Canada also Australia, give such degrees. The regular rate appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} mathematics in the total further countries is the B.Sc.

Urban also provincial planning[edit]

The Bachelor of Urban also Regional Planning or Bachelor of Urban Planning or recently Bachelor of Planning rate (B.U.R.P., B.U.P., or B.Plan) is a rate offered at some institutions term that} a four or five-year^[63] trained undergraduate rate in urban planning. Programs vary in their core on studio work also may or may not involve trained practice.

Public affairs also plan management[edit]

The Bachelor of Public Affairs also Policy Management rate (B.P.A.P.Mgt.) is a specialized four-year honors rate enthusiastic to the study of people plan enclosed by an interdisciplinary framework. The rate was created term that} a point response to the changing earth of public people also the growing need appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} university graduates who can work effectively in the recent plan environment.

Innovation[edit]

The Bachelor of Innovation is a four-year rate in a assortment of opposed fields.^[64][65] The important fields, in engineering business, arts, body of knowledge or education, are similar to their joined B.A. or B.Sc. degrees. The popular training elements are restructured to provision a regular core of innovation, entrepreneurship also team skills.^[66] The rate was created term that} a point response to the increasing pace of innovation in today's people also the need appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} graduates that understanding effective teaming, term that} well term that} the innovation process.

See also[edit]

• Graduate school
• Honours degree
• Licensure
• List of admission tests to colleges also universities
• Master's degree
• Validation of overseas studies also degrees

References[edit]

1. ^ Baccalaureate from the Online Etymology Dictionary (etymonline.com). Retrieved 21 December 2011.
2. ^ "Beyond the honours rate classification, The Burgess Group last report" (PDF). Universities UK. October 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 July 2011. Retrieved 4 December 2010.
3. ^ "Universities in Morocco". Archived from the original on 9 March 2014. Retrieved 29 June 2015.
4. ^ (in French) L'enseignement Superieur au Maroc Archived 15 December 2011 at the Wayback Machine, p. 11
5. ^ Nigerian Universities Commission "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 26 April 2015. Retrieved 2015-05-05.CS1 maint: Archived copy term that} heading (link).
6. ^ National Youth Service Corps http://www.nysc.gov.ng/
7. ^ http://www.utunis.rnu.tn/tbs/ungrad_curric.html
8. ^ "History". Archived from the original on 7 July 2015. Retrieved 29 June 2015.
9. ^ Wanyama, Henry (9 March 2012). "Kenya: State to Upgrade Nine Colleges, Says Kamar" – by means of AllAfrica.
10. ^ "Ranking Web of World universities: Top Oceania". Webometrics.info. Archived from the original on 22 July 2011. Retrieved 2011-09-04.
11. ^ Note the Australian rate is "bachelor", not "bachelor's" in authorized documents
12. ^ ^{a b} "Australian Qualifications Framework" (PDF). January 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 September 2016. Retrieved 11 November 2016.
13. ^ "How to apply, honours". monash.edu.au. Archived from the original on 13 April 2015. Retrieved 13 February 2014.
14. ^ "Alignment of the AQF escorted by the New Zealand Qualifications Framework also the European Qualifications Framework: consultation paper" (PDF). Australian Qualifications Framework. September 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 February 2017. Retrieved 11 November 2016.
15. ^ "Bachelor of Science (Honours), Courses also Programs". The University of Queensland, Australia. Retrieved 4 September 2011.
16. ^ Note the Australian rate is a "masters", not a "master's" in authorized documents
17. ^ "Australia Country Education Profiles" (PDF). Australian Government Department of Education also Training. pp. 10–11. ISBN 978-1-76028-290-5. Retrieved 11 November 2016.
18. ^ "European Union". New Zealand Qualifications Authority. Retrieved 1 November 2018.
19. ^ ^{a b c} "Canadian Degree Qualifications Framework" (PDF). Ministerial Statement on Quality Assurance of Degree Education in Canada. Council of Ministers of Education, Canada. 2007. Retrieved 10 November 2016.
20. ^ Panacci, Adam G. (2014). "Baccalaureate Degrees at Ontario Colleges: Issues also Implications". The College Quarterly. Retrieved 10 February 2014.
21. ^ "Penn State College of Arts also Architecture". Retrieved 2 July 2013.
22. ^ "WVU Honors College". Archived from the original on 4 February 2013. Retrieved 30 December 2012.
23. ^ Ministério da Educação, Conselho Nacional de Educação, Câmara de Educação Superior. Resolução CES/CNE nº 2/2007 Resolução 4/2009. Retrieved from http://portal.mec.gov.br/
24. ^ Assessoria de Comunicação Social. "Diploma dos tecnólogos hollow para concurso e pós-graduação". Retrieved 29 June 2015.
25. ^ "Education System: Austria" (PDF). EP-Nuffic. January 2015. Retrieved 11 November 2016.
26. ^ "Education System: Belgium" (PDF). EP-Nuffic. January 2016. Retrieved 11 November 2016.
27. ^ "Degrees also studies". Retrieved 29 June 2015.
28. ^ https://www.stepstone.dk/om-jobsoegning/karrierecenter/viden-om/udvikling/kandidatgraden-goer-dig-relevant-i-arbejdsmarkedets-oejne?lang=da
29. ^ "Greece EQF Referencing Report" (PDF). European Commission. November 2016. p. 31–34. Retrieved 6 June 2019.
30. ^ ^{a b} "Hellenic Qualifications Framework (HQF) Levels". EOPPEP Organization.(in Greek)(in English)
31. ^ "Greece EQF Referencing Report" (PDF). European Commission. November 2016. p. 54. Retrieved 6 June 2019.
32. ^ Citizens' questions. Dutch Department of Education, Culture also Science.
33. ^ What appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} heading may I bear after of|following|subsequent to} completing a promotion? Postbus 51.
34. ^ Note: the English prefix 'Mr.' corresponds to the Dutch prefix 'mr.', meaning a 'meester in de rechten', i.e., a Master of Law, or the English equal LL.M.
35. ^ "Intercalated Degrees". School of Medicine, Dentistry also Nursing. University of Glasgow. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
36. ^ "Intercalated Degree of Medical Science". The Medical School. University of Sheffield. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
37. ^ "The UK Database of Intercalated Medical, Dental also Veterinary Courses". intercalate.co.uk. Hull York Medical School. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
38. ^ "University awards framework" (PDF). University of Oxford. 2015. Retrieved 6 August 2016.
39. ^ "Undergraduate". Cambridge Theological Federation. Retrieved 6 August 2016.
40. ^ "The Faculty of Law". University of Cambridge. Retrieved 6 August 2016.
41. ^ "Regulations appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} Degrees, Diplomas, also Certificates". Statutes also Regulations. University of Oxford. 16 September 2015. Conversion of BLitt, BPhil, also BSc to MLitt, MPhil, also MSc. Retrieved 6 August 2016.
42. ^ "Two-year Honours Degrees Offered: The 'fast-track' Degrees Will Be Piloted at Five Universities". BBC News, 18 April 2006, accessed 8 October 2007: "Students in England can carry out honours degrees in two years, under recent 'fast track' plans to save period also money."
43. ^ "Bachelor's + Master's in Just Three Years". University of Buckingham. Retrieved 6 August 2016.
44. ^ Cook, Chris (23 June 2011). "UCL place to abandon old rate classifications. Other British universities to attend suit also adopt US-style grading". Financial Times.
45. ^ "Higher training credit system appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} England: guidance on university credit arrangements in higher training in England". Quality Assurance Agency. August 2008. Archived from the original on 17 August 2016. Retrieved 6 August 2016.
46. ^ "Compare opposed qualifications". Gov.uk. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
47. ^ ^{a b c} "Employer's instructions to scottish higher education" (PDF). AGCAS Scotland. April 2008. pp. 4–5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 October 2016. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
48. ^ Green, Chris (23 July 2008). "Studying in Scotland: Our friends in the north". Independent.
49. ^ "The Framework appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} Qualifications of Higher Education Institutions in Scotland". Quality Assurance Agency. June 2014. Archived from the original on 7 November 2016. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
50. ^ "Standard Terminology: Glossary of Terms appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} Taught Degrees". University of Glasgow. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
51. ^ "Assessment also Award of Credit". University of Stirling. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
52. ^ "Dundee – Scottish University". Retrieved 18 July 2017.
53. ^ "The Scottish Credit also Qualifications Framework". Scottish Credit also Qualifications Framework. Archived from the original on 16 June 2014. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
54. ^ "The Frameworks appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} Higher Education Qualifications of UK Degree-Awarding Bodies". Quality Assurance Agency. November 2014. p. 17. Archived from the original on 13 October 2016. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
55. ^ "Design also Industry, San Francisco State University". Archived from the original on 28 June 2013. Retrieved 2 July 2013.
56. ^ "List of Majors: Office of the University Registrar: University of Delaware". Udel.edu. Archived from the original on 29 May 2010. Retrieved 8 July 2010.
57. ^ "Electrical also Computer Engineering | University of Waterloo". Ece.uwaterloo.ca. Retrieved 8 July 2010.
58. ^ ^{a b c} "The Frameworks appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} Higher Education Qualifications of UK Degree-Awarding Bodies" (PDF). Quality Assurance Agency. November 2014. p. 29. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 9 November 2016. First degrees in medicine, dentistry also veterinary body of knowledge include an united strategy of study also trained system spanning several levels. While the last outcomes of the qualifications themselves typically meet the expectations of the descriptor appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} a higher training diploma at standard 7/level 11, these qualifications may commonly retain, appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} real reasons, titles of Bachelor of Medicine/Bachelor of Surgery, Bachelor of Dental Surgery, Bachelor of Veterinary Medicine, or Bachelor of Veterinary Science also are abbreviated to MBChB or BM BS, BDS, BVetMed, also BVSc, respectively.
59. ^ "Medicine". Debrett's. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
60. ^ "The Frameworks appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} Higher Education Qualifications of UK Degree-Awarding Bodies" (PDF). Quality Assurance Agency. October 2014. p. 29. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 1 October 2016.
61. ^ "Medical Training in the UK". British Medical Association. 28 September 2012. Archived from the original on 10 October 2016. Retrieved 20 September 2016. Individuals in F1 posts pick up a salary also are allowed to work the politeness heading 'Dr'.
62. ^ "Bachelor". Ccms.edu. Archived from the original on 13 August 2011. Retrieved 4 September 2011.
63. ^ "Bachelor of Urban Planning". College of Design, Architecture, Art also Planning, University of Cincinnati. Retrieved 3 April 2015.
64. ^ Boult, T. E., Chamillard, A. T., Lewis, R., Polok, N., Stock, G., & Wortman, D. (2009). Innovations in University Education in Innovation: Moving Beyond the B.Sc. International Journal of Innovation Science, 1(4), 167–178.
65. ^ Wits, W. W., Bakker, H. M., & Chechurin, L. S. (2012). Towards multidisciplinary support tools appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} innovation tasks. Procedia CIRP, 2, 16–21
66. ^ "What is the BI?". Retrieved 29 June 2015.

External links[edit]

• College.gov, US Department of Education
• "Education also Learning: Bachelor's Degrees: Qualifications Explained" UK Government site record qualifications appropriate to the needs of|on behalf of} bachelor's degrees in the UK
• "Meaning of the Baccalaureate", National Forum on College Level Learning (US) Statistical Pilot Study of the Baccalaureate (2004)

that's explanation about data: post.title I hope this article adds insight thank you

This article is posted on category data: labels, date data: post.date, quoted from data: post.source_link